Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment ( symbols for genes are italicized (e.g., IGF1) in all the text

The control of water represents the safe key for fair and optimal use to protect resources due human activities, including untreated wastewater, which is considered a carrier large number antibiotic-resistant bacterial species. This study aimed investigate prevalence antibiotic-resistance E. coli in Tigris River by presence resistance genes aminoglycoside(qepA( ,quinolone (gyrA), sulfa drugs( dfr1 ,dfr17) frequent antibiotics their release into wastewater hospitals. Samples were collected from three sites on River: S1( station Adhamiya), S2 (station Baghdad Medical city hospital), S3 Abu Nuwas) February-July 2021. Out 67 isolates bacteria, only 40 detected Vitek2. was estimated disk diffusion method. All E.coli tested against 6 antibiotics. results showed high antibiotic Ceftazidime 70%, with intermediate Cefotaxime 47.5%, low drugs as Trimethoprim 27.5% quinolones ciprofloxacin 17.5%, aminoglycosides Amikacin Gentamycin 5% 7.5%. Moreover, revealed that gyrA gene 4 (10%) while drf1 drf17 2 each (5%).Whereas qepA has not appeared isolates. In conclusion, , aminoglycosides. (gyrA,drf1,drf17) few may be explained horizontal transfer plasmids carried distribution among family Enterobacteriaceae.